I-Hero Yokuhlanganisa Efihliwe Ekhonkolweni! Kungani Ins simbi Ingabhala Kabusha Iphethini Yezinto Zobunjiniyela?

Ukweswela kukhona kukakhonkolo ojwayelekile—"amandla amakhulu okucindezela kodwa amandla aphansi okudonsa"—kuye kwaba yinkinga enkulu emkhakheni wezobunjiniyela. Imifantu emgwaqweni, ukulimala kwamabhuloho, nokuhlikihla phansi okwenziwa esitezi akuthinti nje kuphela impilo yalo kodwa futhi kwandisa izindleko zokulungisa. Ukwengezwa kwensimbi okufana nokujova "amathambo nemisipha" kukakhonkolo, kubuye kubumbe kabusha ukusebenza kwalo ezingeni elincane futhi kube yisihluthulelo sokuxazulula le nkinga. Imiphumela yalo ethuthukisiwe ayibonakali nje kuphela ngamehlo kodwa futhi ingaqinisekiswa ngedatha.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wemicu yensimbi ukugcwalisa ukushiyeka kwamandla aphansi okuqina kukakhonkolo nokuthola "inhlanganisela yokuqina nokubekezela". Amandla okuqina kukakhonkolo ojwayelekile angaba ngu-3.5MPa kuphela; ngemuva kokungeza imicu yensimbi, angakwazi ukwanda ngo-40%-80%, afinyelele ku-5.39-7MPa—okufana nokufaka "ijazi elingabonakali lokuqina" kukhonkolo. Ukusebenza kwayo okuqina kuhle kakhulu: lapho ukhonkolo welulwa futhi lwakha imifantu emincane, imicu yensimbi esakazeke ngokungahleliwe idonsa izinhlangothi zombili zemifantu ngokusebenzisa umphumela wokubopha ukuze kuvinjwe ukwanda kwemifantu. Ngisho noma ifinyelela umkhawulo, imicu ivamise ukudonswa ngaphandle kunokuba yaphuke, kuthuthukiswe kakhulu ubuqotho besakhiwo.

Ngaphandle kokusebenza kwe-tensile, insimbi yefayibha iphinde ithuthukise kabanzi izinkomba ezibalulekile zikakhonkolo. Amandla ayo okugoba anda ngo-60%-120%, amandla okusika ngo-50%-100%, kanti ukumelana nokushayeka kungu-5-10 izikhathi zikakhonkolo ojwayelekile, okwenza ukuthi ikwazi ukubekezelela izimo zokusebenza ezinzima njengemithwalo esindayo nokushayeka. Ngaleso sikhathi, ubuthakathaka bayo bukhuphuka ngo-40-200 izikhathi, buqeda ngokuphelele iphutha "lokuhlukana okubuthakathaka" likakhonkolo ojwayelekile, okwenza isakhiwo sibe ne-ductile kakhudlwana futhi kunciphise ingozi yokulimala ngokuzumayo.

Ngokwemibandela yokuqina, insimbi yefayibha nayo yenza kahle kakhulu. Ingakhuphula izinga lokungangeni kwamanzi kukakhonkolo kusuka ku-P4 kuya ku-P6-P12, ithuthukise kakhulu ukuminyana kwayo, ivikele kahle ukubanda nokuwohloka, futhi yandise impilo yesevisi yephrojekthi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwengeza u-1%-2% kuphela wevolumu yefayibha yensimbi kungathatha indawo yezingxenye zezinduku zensimbi ezijwayelekile, kwenze lula inqubo yokwakha, kunciphise izindleko, futhi kwenze kube lula ukuyisebenzisa ezindaweni eziningi ezifana nemigwaqo, amabhuloho, imihume, kanye nezitezi zezimboni.

Kusukela kudatha yaselebhu kuya ekusebenzeni kwezobunjiniyela, insimbi yefayibha iye yaphula imingcele yokusebenza kukakhonkolo wendabuko ngokuthuthukiswa okuzinzile kokusebenza. Akuyona nje ukubekwa kwezinto ezilula kodwa ifinyelela "amandla nobunzima" buka-khonkolo ngomshini wokuhlanganisa okuncane, iba into esebenza kahle futhi ehlala njalo ekwakhiweni kwezobunjiniyela banamuhla futhi ivula amathuba amaningi okwakhiwa kwezobunjiniyela.